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Joseph Smith William Phelps Friends Again at Last

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Early on leader of the Latter Day Saint movement

Due west. Westward. Phelps
Photo of W. W. Phelps
Personal details
Built-in William Wines Phelps
(1792-02-17)Feb 17, 1792
Hanover Township, New Jersey
Died March 17, 1872(1872-03-17) (aged 80)
Salt Lake City, Utah Territory
Resting place Common salt Lake Metropolis Cemetery
twoscore°46′37″N 111°51′29″W  /  40.777°N 111.858°W  / 40.777; -111.858  (Salt Lake Urban center Cemetery)
Occupation Church printer
Title Scribe to Joseph Smith, composer of numerous LDS hymns
Spouse(s) Stella Waterman
Parents Enon Phelps
Mehitable Goldsmith

William Wines Phelps (February 17, 1792 – March vii, 1872) was an early leader of the Latter Twenty-four hours Saint movement. He printed the first edition of the Book of Commandments that became a standard work of the church building and wrote numerous hymns, some of which are included in the current version of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints' (LDS Church) hymnal. He was at times both shut to and at odds with church building leadership. He testified against Joseph Smith, providing bear witness that helped persuade regime to arrest Smith. He was excommunicated three times and rejoined the church building each time. He was a ghostwriter for Smith. Phelps was chosen by Smith to serve as assistant president of the church in Missouri[1] and equally a member of the Council of Fifty. After Smith's decease, Phelps supported Brigham Young, who was the church's new president.

Early life [edit]

Phelps was born in Hanover Township, New Jersey on Feb 17, 1792. He was named after American Revolutionary State of war general William Wines (also spelled "Winds").[2] His male parent, Enon Phelps, and mother, Mehitable Goldsmith,[3] moved the family to Homer, New York, in 1800.[4] Phelps was a descendant of the Puritan leader William Phelps.[5] He was mostly cocky-taught, acquiring cognition in various areas such every bit theology, meteorology, and history.[2] He in one case sought the office of lieutenant governor of New York.[six] [3] He worked every bit an apprentice to a printer.[2]

On April 28, 1815, he married Sally Waterman in Smyrna, New York.[7] The pair had ten children: 8 daughters and two sons.[three] Later on marrying Sally, Phelps began publishing the Western Courier in Homer[4] in 1820. In this capacity, "he verbally attacked his foes and they him."[2] He next moved to Trumansburgh, Tompkins County, New York, where he edited the anti-Masonic newspaper Lake Light. In 1827, he relocated to Canandaigua, New York, where he published and edited another anti-Masonic newspaper, the Ontario Phoenix. [4] Phelps was described by Dean Jessee as "ane of [the] founders" of the anti-Masonic movement in New York.[5] : 650–651

Interest in Latter Day Saint move [edit]

Phelps purchased a copy of the Volume of Mormon from Parley P. Pratt[3] on April 9, 1830, just three days later Church of Christ was organized.[viii] [ix] He and his wife Sally Waterman read the book and "became converted to its truth."[2] Phelps then met Joseph Smith on December 24, 1830,[4] and became convinced that Smith was a prophet. On Apr 29, 1831, Phelps was imprisoned at Lyons, New York, by a "couple of Presbyterian traders, for a small debt, for the purpose, as [he] was informed, of 'keeping [him] from joining the Mormons.'"[10]

Kirtland, Ohio [edit]

Photograph of a two-columned newspaper. The heading reads: "The Evening and the Morning Star, volume one, Independence, Missouri, June 1832"

June 1832 edition of the Evening and Morn Star, published by Westward. W. Phelps

Phelps moved to Kirtland, Ohio in 1831.[iii] He soon visited Joseph Smith and asked him to enquire God for an answer as to what Phelps should do. Smith delivered a revelation (now known equally section 55 of the Doctrine and Covenants) in which Phelps was encouraged to join the church, preach equally a missionary, and exist the printer for the church.[2] He was then baptized on June 16, 1831.[four] He was subsequently chosen "to head printing and publishing for the Church building"[3] a few days later, on June 20.[four] He moved to Jackson County, Missouri in 1832[7] and spearheaded the church building's publishing arm, Westward. Westward. Phelps & Co., in Independence, Missouri,[2] where he edited the Evening and Morning Star from June 1832[3] to 1833.[4] He was likewise superintendent of the local schools.[3] On July 20, 1833, while working to publish the church's Book of Commandments, a mob of vigilantes attacked Phelps's home, seizing printing materials, destroying the printing, and throwing Phelps's family and furniture out-of-doors.[xi] [12] Most of the copies of the Book of Commandments were destroyed in the raid.[4] He fled to Clay County, Missouri,[seven] where he was called every bit Banana President of the Church in Missouri on July 3, 1834.[4]

In the early on part of 1835, Phelps and his son, Waterman, were called to Kirtland, arriving on May 16, 1835 and departing on April 9, 1836. They resided with Joseph Smith's family unit temporarily.[13] During his stay in Kirtland, Phelps acted as "co-steward over the modern revelations" alongside Joseph Smith, editing the sections of the Doctrine and Covenants for publication.[3] He was as well tasked with editing and publishing the Latter Day Saints' Messenger and Advocate.[2] Phelps donated US$500 towards the erection of the Kirtland Temple[iii] and was nowadays for the institution of the School of the Prophets.[xiii] In Kirtland, he helped print the get-go Latter Day Saint hymnal in 1835,[four] which included his own hymn, "The Spirit of God Like a Fire Is Burning",[ii] sung at the dedication of the Kirtland Temple.[14] Phelps wrote "at to the lowest degree thirty-five of the ninety hymns" included in the first LDS hymnal.[2]

In late June or early July 1835, Joseph Smith acquired Egyptian papyri from Michael Chandler, and Phelps began assisting with the translation of what would become the Book of Abraham[13] [3] in the Pearl of Swell Cost, acting every bit Smith's scribe.[7] On January 13, 1836, Phelps was tasked with compiling the "rules and regulations" of the Kirtland Temple.[4]

Far West, Missouri [edit]

From 1834, Phelps was a counselor to David Whitmer in the presidency of the church in Missouri,[xv] and, in that chapters, he helped found the town of Far West, Missouri, purchasing the country for the town using church funds aslope John Whitmer.[16] He served as postmaster in Far West.[three] Phelps was called before the High Council on March 10, 1838, and was accused of profiting from Far Due west land deals and reneging on a $two,000 contribution to "the house of the Lord" that was not paid. On March 10, 1838, he was excommunicated from the church. In June 1838, Phelps, Oliver Cowdery, David Whitmer, John Whitmer, and Lyman Due east. Johnson were warned to go out Far Due west, "or a more fatal calamity shall befall y'all."[17] In November 1838, Phelps was summoned to be tried a witness at the treason hearing of Smith in Missouri. According to The Joseph Smith Papers, "his testimony helped lead to Smith's incarceration in the Liberty, Missouri, jail in winter 1838–1839."[xviii]

Excommunication and rebaptism [edit]

Unlike Cowdery and the Whitmers, Phelps remained in Far West afterward "the dissenters" were warned to exit in June 1838. He appears to have had a curt-lived détente with church building leadership. On July eight, 1838, Smith received a revelation maxim that Phelps and fellow dissenter, Frederick G. Williams, could be ordained as elders and serve missions abroad. At the time of the Mormon give up of Far Due west, Phelps was one of the Mormon negotiators.[nineteen] Only during the Richmond hearings of November 1838, Phelps was one of several who diameter witness against Smith and other leaders, aiding in their imprisonment in Missouri until April 1839.[20] This led to Phelps's excommunication in Quincy, Illinois on March 17, 1839.[19] He and then moved to Dayton, Ohio.[4] In June 1840, Phelps pleaded for forgiveness in a letter to Smith. Smith replied with an offer of total fellowship, and ended with a variant of Charles Wesley's couplet, "'Come up on, dear brother, since the state of war is past, For friends at commencement are friends once more at terminal.'"[21] [22] [23] Phelps thus reunited with the church building through rebaptism sixteen months later on his excommunication.[3] He moved dorsum to Kirtland in May 1841.[4]

Nauvoo years [edit]

Phelps served a brief mission in the eastern United states of america in 1841.[4] He then moved to Nauvoo, Illinois, where he donated $i,000 to the structure of the Nauvoo Temple and worked there in every bit an ordinance worker.[three] On August 27, 1841, he replaced Robert B. Thompson as Smith'south clerk. Beginning in February 1843, Phelps became the ghostwriter of many of Smith'south of import written works of the Nauvoo period, including "General Joseph Smith's Appeal to the Green Mountain Boys" of November 1843; Smith'southward theodemocratic presidential platform of January 1844; and "The Voice of Innocence", which was presented to and unanimously canonical past the Relief Social club in February 1844 to rebut claims of polygamy in Nauvoo.[24] Phelps also worked alongside John Taylor in editing the Times and Seasons and Nauvoo Neighbor and Willard Richards in compiling Joseph Smith's personal history.[4] The latter effort somewhen became History of the Church building.[two]

sepia-toned picture of a man with dark hair and deep-set eyes, wearing a dark suit coat, white shirt, and cravat

W. W. Phelps, ca. 1850–1860

Phelps was endowed on Dec 9, 1843[25] and received his "second anointing" on Feb ii, 1844, promising him exaltation.[26] He was also made a fellow member of the Quango of Fifty[27] and the Nauvoo City Council.[4] In Nauvoo, Phelps spoke out in favor of the destruction of an opposition newspaper, the Nauvoo Expositor. He believed that the city charter gave the church leaders ability to declare the paper a nuisance. Soon afterwards, the press and blazon were carried into the street and destroyed.[28] Later the decease of Joseph Smith, Phelps gave the eulogy at his funeral.[ii]

During the succession crisis in 1844, Phelps sided with Brigham Young and the Quorum of the Twelve.[three] In an endeavour to maintain order in the church, "he used his considerable influence in August and September 1844 to sustain the Twelve Apostles as leaders during the succession crisis."[ii] In 1846, he entered into plural marriage, marrying Laura Stowell and Elizabeth Dunn on Feb two, 1846 in Nauvoo.[three] He was excommunicated for the third fourth dimension on December ix, 1847, for entering into an unauthorized polygamous marriage, but he was rebaptized two days later.[29]

Westward exodus, death, and legacy [edit]

Phelps took part in the Mormon Exodus across the Swell Plains and settled in Salt Lake City in 1848.[four] In November 1849, he left Salt Lake to explore southern Utah Territory with Parley P. Pratt.[iii] Phelps besides served in the Utah territorial legislature from 1851 to 1857[4] and on the board of regents for the University of Deseret (at present the University of Utah). He participated in the cosmos of the Provisional State of Deseret's constitution and wrote an almanac documenting the activities of the Latter-day Saints in Utah for fourteen years.[3] He also helped develop the Deseret alphabet and obtained the first printing printing used to print the Deseret News. He wrote poems and articles for the Deseret News, as well as essays on religious topics such as the Second Coming, the priesthood, and Joseph Smith's revelations.[2] He began working as a lawyer in 1851 and "defended numerous Saints in the courts."[3] Phelps likewise joined the Deseret Horticultural Society and Deseret Theological Constitute.[three] In 1856, he wrote the LDS hymn "If Yous Could Hie to Kolob" for Brigham Immature.[two] He died on March seven, 1872, in Salt Lake Metropolis, Utah Territory[7] and is buried in the Table salt Lake City Cemetery.[30] According to chaser and author George M. McCune, "He died a true-blue and zealous disciple of the restoration."[3]

Phelps' grave marker. The back is inscribed with the words "At that place is no terminate to matter/There is no terminate to space/There is no end to spirit/There is no cease to race. There is no end to glory/There is no finish to love/There is no end to being/In that location is no decease above," from the hymn "If You Could Hie to Kolob".

Hymns [edit]

Phelps is probably best known for his legacy of Mormon hymns, many of which announced in the current edition of the LDS Church building'due south hymnal.[31]

  • Adam-ondi-Ahman*
  • Come, All Ye Saints of Zion*
  • Come, All Ye Saints Who Dwell on Earth*
  • Come, Let Us Sing an Evening Hymn*
  • Gently Heighten the Sacred Strain*
  • Glorious Things Are Sung of Zion
  • Hosanna Anthem
  • If Y'all Could Hie to Kolob
  • Now Let The states Rejoice*
  • Now Nosotros'll Sing with Ane Accord*
  • O God, the Eternal Male parent*
  • O Cease and Tell Me, Red Man*
  • Praise to the Human
  • The Spirit of God Like a Burn Is Burning*
  • We're Not Ashamed to Own Our Lord*

Phelps also reworded popular hymns turning them into uniquely Latter Day Saint hymns.

  • Joy to the World! the Lord will Come*
  • Redeemer of State of israel*

* Included in the starting time Latter Day Saint hymnal in 1835.

See also [edit]

  • 1843 polygamy revelation
  • LDS fiction

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ The position of "assistant president of the church building in Missouri" was analogous to a modern stake or surface area president, just with more intrinsic authorisation and autonomy. However, it was not the same every bit Assistant President of the Church, who was a member of the First Presidency.
  2. ^ a b c d due east f k h i j k l m n o Van Orden, Bruce A. (2016). "William Due west. Phelps: His Contributions to Understanding the Restoration". In Ostler, Craig James; MacKay, Michael Hubbard; Gardner, Barbara Morgan (eds.). Foundations of the Restoration: Fulfillment of the Covenant Purposes. Provo, Utah: Religious Studies Center. pp. 207–224. ISBN978-i-9443-9407-three.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k fifty m n o p q r s t u McCune, George M. (1991). Personalities in the Doctrine and Covenants and Joseph Smith–History. Salt Lake Urban center, Utah: Hawkes Publishing. pp. 89–91. ISBN9780890365182.
  4. ^ a b c d east f g h i j k l grand n o p q r "William Wines Phelps". The Joseph Smith Papers . Retrieved 2021-07-24 . {{cite spider web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  5. ^ a b Phelps, Oliver Seymour; Servin, Andrew T. (1899). The Phelps Family of America and their English Ancestors. Pittsfield, Massachusetts: Eagle Publishing Company.
  6. ^ Walter Dean Bowen, "The Versatile W.West. Phelps—Mormon Writer, Educator, and Pioneer," G.S. thesis, Brigham Young University (1958): 22.
  7. ^ a b c d e "Phelps, William Wines, 1792-1872". L. Tom Perry Special Collections Library . Retrieved 2021-07-24 . {{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  8. ^ "Minutes of a Conference" Archived 2014-05-21 at the Wayback Motorcar, Evening and Morning Star, vol. 2, no. xx, p. 160 (May 1832)
  9. ^ The Deseret News, xi Apr 1860, pp. 45, 48.
  10. ^ "William W. Phelps (1792–1872)". Mormon History 1830-1844. Saints Without Halos. Archived from the original on 2008-05-17. Retrieved 2009-ten-20 .
  11. ^ "William W. Phelps: Printer unto the Church". historyofmormonism.com . Retrieved 2018-01-17 .
  12. ^ F., Price, Lynn (1997). Every person in the Doctrine and Covenants. Bountiful, Utah: Horizon. ISBN9780882905976. OCLC 37451290.
  13. ^ a b c Edward Ashment essay in "The Discussion of God Essays on Mormon Scripture Archived 2016-10-22 at the Wayback Car" Edited by Dan Vogel, Signature Books 1990
  14. ^ Perkins, Keith W. (1992), "Kirtland Temple", in Ludlow, Daniel H (ed.), Encyclopedia of Mormonism, New York: Macmillan Publishing, pp. 798–799, ISBN0-02-879602-0, OCLC 24502140
  15. ^ "Doctrine and Covenants Historical Resources: William Due west. Phelps". The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints . Retrieved 2021-08-05 . {{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  16. ^ Shepard, William (2015). "Transformation of the Mormon Bureaucracy at Far West, Missouri". John Whitmer Historical Association Journal. The John Whitmer Historical Association. 35 (ane): 62–83 – via JSTOR.
  17. ^ Richard S. Van Wagoner (1994). Sidney Rigdon: A Portrait of Religious Excess (Table salt Lake City, Utah: Signature Books) pp. 218–nineteen.
  18. ^ "Highlights from Documents, Volume 7: The Reconciliation of Joseph Smith and William West. Phelps". The Joseph Smith Papers. 2018-04-thirteen. Retrieved 2021-08-05 . {{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-condition (link)
  19. ^ a b Alexander L. Baugh. "A Community Abandoned: Due west. W. Phelps' 1839 Letter to Sally Waterman Phelps from Far West, Missouri." Nauvoo Journal, 10:2, 1998. p. 23/
  20. ^ Alexander 50. Baugh (2010). "Joseph Smith in Northern Missouri, 1838". In Holzapfel, Richard Neitzel; Jackson, Kent P. (eds.). Joseph Smith, the Prophet and Seer. Provo, UT/Salt Lake City: Religious Studies Center/Deseret Book.
  21. ^ "Letter of the alphabet to William Westward. Phelps, 22 July 1840". The Joseph Smith Papers. p. 158. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
  22. ^ Greenish, Richard (1896). Works of John and Charles Wesley. C. H. Kelly. p. 158. Retrieved 31 May 2019. friends at first are friends once more at last.
  23. ^ History of the Church, Vol. 4. pp. 162–64. Letter of the alphabet July 22, 1840, from Joseph Smith, Nauvoo, Illinois.
  24. ^ Brownish, Samuel Chiliad. (17 March 2008). "The Translator and the Ghostwriter: Joseph Smith and William Phelps". Journal of Mormon History. 34 (1): 26–62. SSRN 1107013.
  25. ^ Anderson & Bergera 2005, p. 41
  26. ^ Anderson & Bergera 2005, pp. 63–64
  27. ^ Quinn, D. Michael (1980), "The Council of 50 and Its Members, 1844 to 1945", BYU Studies, 20 (two): 163–98, archived from the original on 2013-ten-21 Archived 2013-x-21 at the Wayback Car
  28. ^ "Chapter 22". History of the Church, Vol. six. p. 453.
  29. ^ Historical Section Journal, Vol. 9 p. 25. ""Archived copy". Retrieved 2016-05-12 . "
  30. ^ "William Wines Phelps". Observe a Grave . Retrieved 31 May 2019.
  31. ^ "Hymns of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-mean solar day Saints". Retrieved 2009-10-xx .

References [edit]

  • Anderson, Devery Southward.; Bergera, James, eds. (2005). Joseph Smith'due south Quorum of the Anointed, 1842-1845: A Documentary History. Salt Lake City: Signature Books. ISBN1-56085-186-four. OCLC 57965858. Archived from the original on ii February 2013. Archived 2 February 2013 at annal.today.
  • Smith, Lucy (2001). "Biographical Summaries of Named Individuals". In Anderson, Lavina Fielding (ed.). Lucy's Book: A Critical Edition of Lucy Mack Smith'south Family unit Memoir. Common salt Lake City: Signature Books. pp. 851–852. ISBNi-56085-137-half-dozen . Retrieved 5 January 2021.
  • "Minute Book 2, Page 107". The Joseph Smith Papers . Retrieved 5 January 2021.
  • Brown, Samuel (Winter 2008). "The Translator and the Ghostwriter: Joseph Smith and W. Westward. Phelps". Journal of Mormon History. 34 (1): 26–62. ISSN 0094-7342. SSRN 1107013. Retrieved 5 January 2021.
  • LeSueur, Stephen C. (1987). The 1838 Mormon State of war in Missouri. Columbia: University of Missouri Press. pp. 20, forty, 51, 175–77, 259. ISBN0826206263.
  • Bowen, Walter Dean (1958). The Versatile W.Due west. Phelps—Mormon Writer, Educator, and Pioneer (Yard.S.). Brigham Young University. .
  • Church Historian's Office periodical, 1844–1879, Book 9, November fifteen, 1847 – March 25, 1848, pg. 25. Book nine, pg. 25 [ expressionless link ]

External links [edit]

  • William Wines Phelps papers, Vault MSS 810, L. Tom Perry Special Collections, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young Academy
  • Transcription of above West.W. Phelps papers
  • William Wines Phelps state patents, Vault MSS SC 370, L. Tom Perry Special Collections, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young Academy
  • Phelps family unit correspondence, 1835–1853, Vault MSS 810 Series two, L. Tom Perry Special Collections, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Immature Academy
  • West. W. Phelps at Find a Grave
  • Works by West. Due west. Phelps at LibriVox (public domain audiobooks)

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W._W._Phelps_%28Mormon%29

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